Spray nozzle and duplex assembly thereof and method of making a nozzle orifice



y 1954 F. w. WAHLlN SPRAY NOZZLE AND DUPLEX ASSEMBLY THEREOF AND METHOD OF MAKING A NOZZLE ORIFICE Filed July 14. 1949 2 Sheets-Sheet l A INVENJTJIR. Fred ZZ/ah 6d 27.

M Q/fy y 1954 F. w. WAHL 2,683,626

SPRAY NOZ AND DUPLEX A MBLY THE F AND ME'IH OF MAKING A NOZZLE ORIFI Filed July 14, 1949 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN V EN TOR.

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Patented July 13, 1954 SPRAY NOZZLE AND DUPLEX ASSEMBLY THEREOF AND METHOD OF MAKING A NOZZLE ORIFICE Fred W. Wahlin, Oak Park, 111., assignor to Spraying Systems Co., Bellweod, Ill., a corporation of Illinois Application July 14, 1949, Serial No. 104,672

'7 Claims.

My invention relates to spray nozzles for producing a flat fan shaped spray with suitable spread to distribute the spray from a point below the nozzle outwardly to a distance remote therefrom, and has reference more particularly to a form of orifice, and a method of making same, which increases the range of the spray and insures uniform distribution of the spray in a narrow zone throughout the spray range. My invention also includes a convenient pairing of the nozzles to provide a spray zone of double length with the spray from each nozzle joining or overlapping the spray from the other to insure continuity and uniformity of coverage throughout the length of ti e combined spray zone.

In spraying ground areas, such for example as a field, it is a common practice to employ a long pipe with spray nozzles at suitable intervals therealong, and convey this pipe sidewise across the field on a vehicle from which the spraying liquid is supplied to the pipe. This pipe projects outwardly a considerable distance at each side of the vehicle to cover as wide an area as possible in pass over the field.

in many cases, however, as for example, in spraying along roadways, railways, streams or the like, where obstructions are likely to be encountered, such pi e spraying is not convenient,

it is desirable to provide nozzles at the vehicle location which distribute the spray sidewise therefrom in a manner to cover a wide range at each side of the vehicle.

In some cases these nozzle are arranged to spray only at the sides of the vehicle whereas in others it is preferred that the spray zones meet or overlap so as to provide a combined continuous spray zone extending across the width of the vehicle and outwardly therefrom at each side.

lhe principal objects of my invention are, to provide a spray nozzle with an improved orifice which is particularly advantageous for sidewise spraying from a vehicle or for other similar spraying operations; to construct the nozzle so that has an exceptionally long range of spray coverage; to vary the thickness of the issuing stream from one edge thereof to the other according to the requirements for uniformity of spray coverage; to arrange the nozzle so that the direction of discharge at one edge of the issuing stream is directly toward the surface to be sprayed and the direction of discharge at the other edge is approximately parallel to the surface and the thickness of the stream progressively diminishes from the latter edge to the other edge; to provide a twin nozzle assembly whereby two flat nozzle sprays meet edgewise to conjointly provide a long narrow zone of uniform coverage; to provide a simple and convenient method of producing a nozzle orifice of progressively increasing width from one orifice end to the other; and in general to provide a nozzle orifice and a nozzle arrangement which increases the range and uniformity of coverage in sidewise spraying; these and other objects being accomplished as pointed out hereinafter and as shown in the accompanying drawing in which:

Fig. 1 is a side View of a twin nozzle assembly constructed in accordance with my invention and attached to a section of a drop pipe;

Fig. 2 is a top view of the twin nozzle assem bly of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the twin nozzle assembly taken on the line 33 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a top view of a twin nozzle assembly of Fig. I, greatly reduced in size, and showing the pattern of spray coverage;

Fig. 5 is a side view of the twin nozzle assembly and spray pattern of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged discharge end view of the nozzle tip employed in the nozzles of Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 is a sectional View of the nozzle tip taken on the line 1-7 of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a sectional view on the line 8+8 of Fig. 6;

Figs. 9 and 10 are enlarged fragmentary sectional views on the lines 99 and 10-453 respectively of Fig. 7;

Fig. 11 is an outline view, greatly enlarged, of the orifice of the nozzle tip of Fig. 6;

Fig. 12 is a sectional view similar to Fig. i, but inverted, and indicating the lines along which the spray discharges from the nozzle orifice;

Fig. 13 is a section on the line l3i3 of Fig. 12 showing the shape of the spray; and

Fig. 14 is a side View of a single nozzle such as may be employed for separated side sprays.

The nozzles shown herein are of the same general construction as the nozzle disclosed in my pending application Serial No. 81,288 filed March 14. 1949, in the respect that each comprises a hollow body l5 with an exteriorly threaded outer end engaged by an internally threaded clamping ring it by which a nozzle tip 8 i1 is secured to the outer end of the nozzle body it.

The nozzle tip I i, like that of the nozzle shown in my above mentioned pending application, has a bored out cavity l8 of relatively large diameter at the inner end thereof and a small diameter bore l9 leading outward from the cavity I8 and terminating in a rounded or dome-shaped outer 3 end, indicated at 20, with a discharge orifice 2| therefrom opening through the outer end of the nozzle tip.

Preferably the nozzle tip 11, like the nozzle tip of my above mentioned pending application, has a transverse semi-circular groove 22 extending across the outer end and with the orifice H 10- caetd centrally in the bottom of the groove, and preferably also the groove 22 has the portions thereof at opposite sides of the orifice 2| sloped downwardly as at '23 to a progressively increasing depth for the purpose explained in said pending application and also for the additional purpose in the nozzle tip of the present application of relieving the milling cutters in the operations, hereinafter explained, of forming the particular form of orifice 2i contemplated herein.

A strainer assembly 24, similar to that disclosed in my above mentioned pending application is located within the interior of the nozzle body 55 and provided at the outer end with an annular flange 25 which fits against the annular outer end face of the nozzl body, and the nozzle tip has an inner end face which is clamped against the outer end of the strainer assembly 24 and thereby secures the latter in place in the nozzle body.

For this clamping purpose, the nozzle tip ll is provided at its inner end with an annular flange 25 and the outer end of the clamping ring it overhangs this flange 28 so as to clamp the nozzle tip H in leak-proof manner against the outer end of the strainer assembly 24 and the strainer assembly fiange 25, likewise in leak-proof manner against the outer end of the nozzle body iii.

In the particular nozzles disclosed in Figs. 1 to 5, the nozzle body i5 is externally square in cross section and closed at the end remote from the nozzle tip ii and provided with an opening 2! in one side through which the spraying liquid is supplied to the interior of the attached nozzle body it, it being understood that the supplied liquid passes through the strainer of the strainer assembly 24 and from the strainer assembly to the nozzle tip chamber l8 and bore l9, and from the bore I9 through the orifice or mouth 2|.

This orifice 2| is shaped to provide a relatively wide angle fiat spray discharge of fan shape so as to distribute th spray over a long narrow zone, and accordingly is of elongated relatively narrow form to produce the fiat fan shaped spray, it being an important feature of the present invention that the width of this orifice varies from one end thereof to the other according to the changing direction of discharge, throughout the length of th orifice (which changing direction contributes to the fan shape), and the variation in width is such that the volume of liquid issuing through the orifice at any. given place therealong is commensurate with the area of surface to be sprayed by that particular volume so as to assure uniformity of spray coverage throughout the range of the fanned-out spray.

For example, with a nozzle angularly disposed, as in Figs. 1 and 5, to the surface on which the spray is deposited, the orifice varies in width according to the distance of spray deposit from the nozzle so that the spray coverage is uniform throughout the length of the spray pattern.

With previous nozzles employed for such angular spraying, the orifices did not vary in width according to the distance of spray deposit from the nozzle and accordingly the spray volume decreased to such extent at the remote end of the 4 spray range that it was insufficient with a spray range of any considerable length.

This condition will be apparent from Figs. 1 and 5 in which it is to be noted that the spray produced at the edge 29 of the issuing stream 30 is concentrated along a short length at the inner end of expanse A of ground along which the spray from the nozzle i distributed, whereas the spray produced at the edge 3: of the issuing stream 30 fans out to a greater extent and spreads out a much greater length at the outer end of the expanse A, and if the volume at 29 is the same as at St and of a suitable amount for proper surface coverage at the inner end of the expanse A, then the volume at El is entirely inadequate for proper coverage at the outer end of the expanse A.

This condition is overcome, according to the present invention by making the nozzle orifice 2| of such varying width from end to end that the volume of liquid discharged therethrough at any given place therealong is proportionate to the length of the expanse A which is sprayed by that particular volume and in the present construction for angular arrangement of the nozzles as shown in Figs. 1 and 5, a nozzle orifice such as shown in Fig. 11 is provided which is relatively wide and rounded at one end 32 and diminishes to a relatively sharp angular form 33 at the other end.

With this form of orifice, the nozzle is arranged so that the spray liquid at 253, which is applied to the inner end of the expanse A, is supplied through the sharp angular end 33 of the orifice 2| and the spray liquid at 3| which is applied to the outer end of the expanse A is supplied through the wide rounded end 32 of the orifice 2!, the volume of spray liquid thus being relatively small at 29 but ample to cover the surface sprayed thereby and the volume progressively increasing along the nozzle orifice 2! to the opposite edge 31 of the spray stream so that the volume of issuing spray liquid throughout the length of the nozzle orifice 2i is proportionate to the portion of the length of the expanse A sprayed thereby, and uniform coverage thus assured throughout the length of the expanse A. By reason of this proportioning of the amount of liquid according to the distance of spray deposit from the nozzle, a longer range of spray may be obtained,

To produce the orifice 2i of appropriate variation of width according to circumstances such as explained above, the following method may be employed.

The nozzle tip ii is first formed with the cavity 18, bore 49, groove 22 and sloping end portions 23, preparatory to the provision thereof with the orifice 2|. Then a rotary milling cutter 34 with convex cutting edges of appropriate rounded shape is applied in the groove 22 and in the sloping end portion 23 at one side of the longitudinal axis of the bore 9 to cut a round bottom groove 35 which cuts through or intersects the rounded or dome-shaped outer end 28 of the bore 19 so as to form the rounded end portion 32 of the orifice 2|, and then another rotary milling cutter 3Gv with ./'.-cutting edges of appropriate acute angular form is applied in the groove 22 and in the sloping end portion 23 thereof at the other side i the longitudinal axis of the bare it to. cut a sharp, V-bottom groove 3! which likewise cuts through and intersects the rounded or dome-shaped upper end 20 of the bore i9 so as to form the angular end portion 33 of the orifice 2 L These grooves 3.5. and 3? intersect the domeshaped end, 20, of its bore 19 at opposite sides of the axis of the latter and are exactly aligned, and the cut made by each cutter 34 and 36- is continued sufiiciently across the top of the domeshaped end 28 to form a continuous opening thereacross and with the cut made by each cutter 3 2 and 555 matching and forming a continuation of the other along the sides and thereby forming the elongated orifice 2! with the sides thereof continuous and uninterrupted as shown in Fig. 11.

Obviously the order of procedure of the operations in making the nozzle tip I! may be varied. For example, either groove 35 or 31 may be made before the other, and the cavity i5 and bore it may be made after the grooves 35 and El are out, although it is preferred to cut the grooves 35 and t? after the opening 19 is bored.

It is important, however, to form the orifice 2| so that no burrs are left therearound which would affect the accuracy of the spray.

Also the grooves 35 and 31 may be out before the groove 22 and sloping ends 23 thereof are formed although the cutting of the grooves 35 and 3? afterward is particularly desirable as the groove 22 and sloping ends 23 afford better access and relieve the milling cutters in making the orifice producing grooves 35 and 31.

The particular shape of the dome shaped end it of the bore l 9 is important in determining the specific shape of the orifice 2! made by the cutters 3d and 36, as is also the longitudinal slope and curvature of the grooves 35 and 37 formed by the cutters 34 and 35 and it will be readily understood that variations in the particular shape of the orifice 2! may be made by varying the shape of the dome 2! the shape of the cutting edge of the cutters 34 and 36 and the depth of the grooves 35 and 31 relative to one another and to the dome formation 28 and by varying the longitudinal slope and curvature of the grooves 35 and Si.

We have found that a nozzle tip grooved at the outer end as at 22, 23 and with a bore l9 and dome end 2&3 intersected by grooves 35 and 37 all arranged and proportioned relatively as shown in Figs. 6, '7, 8, 9 and 10 produces a particularly satisfactory orifice 2i for boom spraying operations such as explained above.

We have also found it advantageous to pair the nozzles together in twin nozzle assemblies such as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 wherein a fitting 38 has a nozzle at each side thereof, each arranged to produce a fiat spray stream 30 in a plane parallel with the flat spray stream of the other and with each nozzle independently adjustable angularly in the plane of its spray stream s8.

fhe fitting 38 is of square external cross section with an internal chamber 39 having an opening leading from the chamber 39 at one end of the fitting, this opening 48 being internally threaded, or the fitting 38 otherwise formed at that end for connection to a drop pipe 28 through which the spray liquid is supplied to the interior of the fitting 38.

A nozzle is secured to each side of the fitting by a bolt A l as shown in Fig. 3, each nozzle hayin a body l of square external cross sectional form as heretofore described with the opening 2? into the side thereof registering with a corresponding opening 12 in the respective side of the fitting 33, with a sleeve 53 projecting into each opening 27 and 42 to center the openings and a gasket ts encircling the sleeve between the tting 38 and body IE to seal the joint.

The bolt 4! extends through the fitting 38 and through each nozzle body I5 as shown, each of the latter having an opening 45 through the wall thereof, at the opposite side thereof from and concentric with its opening 21, through which said openings 45 and bolt 4| projects. A gasket i5 is provided around the bolt stem between the bolt head ill and the nozzle body l5 at one side of the fitting 38 so as to seal the opening 35 at that place and a similar gasket 46 is likewise provided between the nut 48 and the other nozzle body l5 for the same purpose.

Thus each nozzle body I5 is secured to the fitting 33 in a manner to permit angular adjustment thereof for relative angular adjustment of the nozzles relatively to one another and to the fitting 38 to obtain the required spray distribution.

The nozzle tips ll of the two nozzles are adjusted in the outer end of the respective nozzle body i5 so that the fiat spray stream 38 from each is in a plane parallel to that of the other spray stream and with the pointed ends 33 of the nozzle orifice located to produce the correspondingly directed edge portions 29 (see Fig. 5) of the spray streams while the rounded outer end portions 32 of the two nozzle orifices are arranged so that the portions 3! of the spray streams discharged therefrom discharge in a direction away from one another as shown in Fig. 5.

By the adjustable arrangement of the two nozzles on the fitting 33, the nozzles may be relatively adjusted so that the spray at the inner ends 33 of their orifices meet or overlap in such manner that a continuous uninterrupted spray pattern is assured at this place.

If separate single sprays are desired, for spraying a zone at each side of a vehicle, for example, a nozzle body such as shown at 49 in Fig. 14 may be employed with a threading 58 at the end remote from the tip ll for engagement with an angle fitting, of suitable angularity, of the piping through which the spraying liquid is supplied to the nozzle.

While I have shown and described my invention in a preferred form, the nozzle may be made in forms other than that shown for purposes of illustration herein, and the varying width orifice may be provided in shapes and employed for purposes other than particularly shown and de scribed, and various other changes and modificatlons may be made without departing from the invention, the scope of which is to be determined by the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

l. A spray nozzle having a passage therein with dome shaped end which is concentric with and has the summit thereof concentric with the axis of said passage, said nozzle having at said passage end a spray orifice which is elongated in a direction leading across the summit of said dome shaped end and opens outwardly from said dome shaped end of the passage to the exterior of the nozzle, said orifice being large at one end and tapered toward and small at the other end, and said orifice having its large end and the major portion of the orifice area at one side of the dome shaped end of the passage.

2. A spray nozzle having a passage therein with a dome shaped end which is concentric with and has the summit thereof concentric with the axis of said passage, said nozzle having at said dome shaped end of the passage a spray orifice which is elongated in a direction leading across the summit of said dome shaped end and opens 7 outwardly from said dome shaped end of the passage to the exterior of the nozzle, said orifice being relatively wide and obtuse at one end and tapered to acute V-shape at the other end, and said orifice having its obtuse end and the major portion of the orifice area at one side of the dome shaped end of the passage.

3. A spray nozzle having a passage therein with a dome shaped end which is concentric with and has the summit thereof concentric with the axis of said passage, said nozzle having at said dome shaped end of the passage an elongated spray orifice which opens outwardly from said dome shaped end of the passageway to the exterior of the nozzle, said spray orifice being rela" tively wide and rounded at one end and tapered to a narrow V-shape at the other end and extending from the latter end up one side and across the summit of the dome shaped end and down the opposite side thereof to the rounded end, said orifice having the major portion of its area at the last mentioned side of the dome shaped end, and the rounded end of said orifice bein farther from said summit than the V- shaped end thereof.

2. A spray nozzle having an end part thereof provided externally with a pair of laterally spaced extensions having therebetween a relatively wide groove which is open at each end, said part having a passage therein which leads toward the center of said groove and has a dome shaped outer end under the bottom of said groove and which said dome shaped end is concentric with and has the summit thereof concentric with the axis of the passage, said groove having the opposite end portions thereof sloped downwardly at the opposite sides respectively of said dome shaped end, and one of said sloping end portions of said relatively wide groove having in the bottom thereof a narrower groove which extends endwise toward and intersects said dome shaped end at one side thereof and the other of said sloping ."ld portions of said relatively wide groove having the bottom thereof a narrower groove which extends endwise toward and intersects said dome shaped end at the opposite side thereof and sai nozzle end part having an elongated orifice which is narrower than said relatively wide groove and extends between the places where said narrower grooves intersect said dome shaped end and opens outwardly from said dome shaped end through the bottom of said relatively wide groove midway between said pair of laterally spaced extensions.

5. A spray nozzle having an end part thereof provided externally with a pair of laterally spaced extensions having therebetween a relatively wide groove which is open at each end, said part having a passage therein which leads toward the center of said groove and has a dome shaped outer end under the bottom of said groove and which said dome shaped end is concentric with and has the summit thereof concentric with the axis of the passage, said groove having the opposite end portions thereof sloped downwardly 5:

at the opposite sides respectively of said dome shaped end, and one of said sloping end portions of said relatively wide groove having in the bottom thereof a narrower round bottom groove which extends endwise toward and intersects said dome shaped end at one side thereof and the 8 other of said sloping end portions of said relatively wide groove having in the bottom thereof a narrower V-bottom groove which extends endwise toward and intersects said dome shaped end at the opposite side thereof and said nozzle end part having an elongated orifice which is nar rower than said relatively wide groove and extends between the places where said narrower grooves intersect said dome shaped end and opens outwardly from said dome shaped end through the bottom of said relatively wide groove midway between said pair of laterally spaced extensions.

6. A twin nozzle assembly comprising a fitting having a pair of nozzles mounted thereon and angularly disposed to one another, each nozzle being pivoted to said fitting and individually adjustable about its pivotal axis in a plane perpendicular to the pivotal axis of the other nozzle to vary the angular adjustment of each nozzle relative to the other nozzle, each nozzle having therein a passage which leads toward the outer end of the nozzle and has a dome shaped outer end which is concentric with and has the summit thereof concentric with the axis of said passage, and each nozzle having at the dome shaped end of its respective passage a spray orifice which opens outwardly from said dome shaped end to the exterior of the nozzle and is elongated in the plane of pivotal movement of the respective nozzle about its pivotal axis and extends in a direction leading across the summit of the dome shaped end of the passageway of the respective nozzle, each said orifice being large at one end and tapered toward and small at the other end and each said orifice having its large end and the major portion of the orifice area at that side of the dome shaped end which is farthest distant from the orifice of the other nozzle.

'7. The method of making a spray nozzle with an elongated spray orifice having the opposite ends thereof rounded and V-shaped respectively, which said method comprises providing a nozzle end part with an internal dome shaped cavity, and cutting in the exterior of said part two coplanar grooves of round bottom and V-bottom shape respectively which extend toward one another and intersect at their inner ends, and intersecting the dome shaped cavity at one side thereof with the round bottom groove and intersecting the dome shaped cavity at the other side thereof with the V-bottom groove and intersecting said cavity from said one side to said other side conjointly with said grooves.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 

